Price fixing
It is illegal for competitors to work together to fix prices rather than compete against each other. This conduct restricts competition, and can force prices up and reduce choices for consumers and other businesses.
What is price fixing?
Impact of price fixing
Signs of possible price fixing in tenders
Exceptions to price fixing
Find out more about cartels
More information
What is price fixing?
Price fixing occurs when competitors agree on pricing rather than competing against each other. In relation to price fixing, the Competition and Consumer Act refers to the ‘fixing, controlling or maintaining’ of prices. A price fixing cartel occurs when competitors make written, informal or verbal agreements or understandings on:
prices for selling or buying goods or services
minimum prices
a formula for pricing or discounting goods and services
rebates, allowances or credit terms.
Price fixing agreements do not have to be formal; they can be a 'wink and a nod', made over a drink in the local pub, at an association meeting or at a social occasion. The important point is not how the agreement or understanding was made or even how effective it is, but that competitors are working out their prices collectively and not individually.
Sometimes competing businesses will sell goods or services at the same or similar price levels so that the price fluctuations of one are matched by equivalent fluctuations by the others. Although this may seem like price fixing behaviour, it is not necessarily the result of collusive behaviour between companies.
Legitimate commercial reasons for why a business may adjust its prices to match a competitor include responding to highly visible prices displayed by competitors (e.g. petrol price boards) or competitors quickly adjusting their prices to match price movements (known as ‘parallel pricing’).
Impact of price fixing
When businesses get together to fix, control or maintain prices, it can affect consumers, as well as small businesses that rely on those suppliers for their livelihood.
Take freight for example. A lot of consumer goods are transported by freight. If the price of freight is artificially maintained or inflated by a cartel, it can affect the whole supply chain, and result in higher prices for all sorts of goods and services.
Signs of possible price fixing in tenders
Signs of price fixing may include:
tenders or quotes that are much higher than expected. This may indicate collusive pricing, or it may just be overpricing (not illegal in itself). It may simply reveal that your estimates are inaccurate. It is in your commercial interest to make enquiries and determine whether your price expectations are reasonable
all suppliers raise prices simultaneously and beyond what seems to be justified by changes in input costs. You can ask suppliers why this is so. You might also consider surveying suppliers so you are better equipped to recognise suspicious pricing movements
prices submitted are much higher than previous tenders or published price lists
tenders are missing detailed ‘workings’ to show how the tender price was calculated, where this was requested (this may indicate cover pricing)
a new supplier’s price is lower than the usual businesses tendering. This may indicate there has been collusion among the incumbent businesses tendering
prices drop markedly after a new supplier tenders. This may indicate that the existing suppliers have been colluding and the new supplier has forced them to compete.
Exceptions to price fixing
Exceptions to the prohibitions on price fixing exist for certain joint production or supply of goods or services and for certain agreements for the collective acquisition of goods or services. Agreements between related companies are also exempted. The joint venture exception is complex, and legal advice should be sought by anyone considering a joint venture that may otherwise breach the cartel provisions.
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就像寡头垄断了 oligopoly
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在国内也是犯法的
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一天涨一万 简直就是强盗呀 哭晕在厕所
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垄断市场价格犯法吗
来源：互联网整理 | 2020-06-17
在很多时候，如果我们想要垄断市场价格的话，这种行为是否是合法的？垄断价格的行为是否会受到国家法律的处罚？给我们的影响有哪些？下面，为了帮助大家更好的了解相关法律知识，律盾小编整理了以下的内容，希望对您有所帮助。
垄断市场价格犯法吗
分为横向垄断和纵向垄断，具体包括以下几点：
《反垄断法》第十三条 禁止具有竞争关系的经营者达成下列垄断协议：
(一)固定或者变更商品价格;
(二)限制商品的生产数量或者销售数量;
(三)分割销售市场或者原材料采购市场;
(四)限制购买新技术、新设备或者限制开发新技术、新产品;
(五)联合抵制交易;
(六)国务院反垄断执法机构认定的其他垄断协议。
本法所称垄断协议，是指排除、限制竞争的协议、决定或者其他协同行为。
第十四条 禁止经营者与交易相对人达成下列垄断协议：
(一)固定向第三人转售商品的价格;
(二)限定向第三人转售商品的最低价格;
(三)国务院反垄断执法机构认定的其他垄断协议。
以上内容就是相关的回答，根据国家规定，在我们国家是禁止具有竞争关系的经营者达成固定或者变更商品价格垄断协议，也同样禁止经营者与交易相对人达成这样的协议，如果您还有其他法律问题的可以咨询律盾相关律师。
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三大航同一天涨价，说不是约好的，谁信！
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在国内是不是犯法得领导说了算
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马云不是刚给罚了
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三大航接上面通知，同时涨价。领导说不是垄断就不是垄断。
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航空是国企，告它垄断也没用啊
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ACCC 能管的了国内的民航？
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ACCC 能管的了国内的民航？
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可以的，在这做生意，舅父管
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卖全价票， 没问题
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问题在同一天涨价，竞争对手商量好的涨价。
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充其量只是涨到了全价票而已。。。怎么管？
资本主义国家 有物价局？
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《反垄断法》第十三条 禁止具有竞争关系的经营者达成下列垄断协议：
(一)固定或者变更商品价格;
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涨价理由千万种，怎么管
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三家有竞争关系的航司同一天涨价，要解说不是商量好的。
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